Make the KNEX callipers shown opposite. There are more photos showing how to build this model in the Guide.
Fix a ruler onto the callipers, so that the inside edge of the left-hand jaw is aligned exactly to zero on the ruler. The other jaw is designed to slide, so that it can be moved to touch the outer edge of the object being measured. You can then read off the objects length on the ruler.
Q1. Can you use the callipers to measure the length of some small objects, and the diameter of a ball?